Many Sandhills populations of more widespread plant species feature unique morphological characteristics that suggest they may be unique ecotypes (genetically distinct populations adapted to the Sandhills), subspecies, or species. Such evidence of evolutionary differentiation is not surprising, given the tendency for genetic drift and natural selection to evolve new species from populations that are geographically isolated. Indeed, these processes are likely responsible for the evolution of Sandhills endemic species from more widespread ancestors.

The following are just a few examples of Sandhills plant species which should be examined by taxonomists. Even if they are found not to merit taxonomic recognition as unique species at this time, Sandhills populations likely represent evolution in process and should be protected as such.